Dr. Jose Rizal

Born José Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda

June 19, 1861

Calamba, Laguna,

Died December 30, 1896 (aged 35)

Bagumbayan, Manila

Cause of death execution by firing squad

Monuments Rizal Park, Manila

Calamba City, Laguna

Nationality Filipino

Alma mater Ateneo Municipal de Manila, University of Santo Tomas, Universidad Central de Madrid, University of Paris, Ruprecht Karl University of Heidelberg

Organization La Solidaridad, La Liga Filipina

Religion Roman Catholicism

Spouse(s) Josephine Bracken (1896)

Children Francísco Rizal y Bracken (who died after birth)

Who is doctor Jose Rizal.?

 He is the most outstanding hero in the Philippine he used his  brilliant knowledge to contend  the Spaniards against their injustices by the Filipinos .He became a hero by his own ideologist and  in awaking the Filipinos to fight their rights as a citizen in the Philippines.His ways of fighting was not based  on the sword and guns but he did it in a righteous he proved that it not about a bloody revolution that the people could attain independence ,but it  is also possible to fight them without those things and without those blood shedding on the land.

It is not just about fighting and shedding of tears sothat the people would understand the true meaning of  unity and attaining peace in the country and this hero was really able to prove that thing.

José Rizal's life is one of the most documented of the 19th century due to the vast and extensive records written by and about him.Almost everything in his short life is recorded somewhere, being himself a regular diarist and prolific letter writer, much of the material having survived. His biographers, however, have faced difficulty in translating his writings because of Rizal's habit of switching from one language to another.Jose P.Rizal had crated two novels that marks in the Philippine history this are the Noli me Tangere,and El Filibusterismo.The content of Rizal's writings changed considerably in his two most famous novels, Noli me Tangere, published in Berlin in 1887, and El Filibusterismo, published in Ghent in 1891 with funds borrowed largely from Rizal's friends. These writings angered both the Spanish colonial elite and many educated Filipinos due to their insulting symbolism. They are critical of Spanish friars and the power of the Church. Rizal's friend Ferdinand Blumentritt, an Austria-Hungary born professor and historian wrote that the novel's characters were drawn from real life and that every episode can be repeated on any day in the Philippines.

The Exile in Dapitan
Upon his return to Manila in 1892, he formed a civic movement called La Liga Filipina. The league advocated these moderate social reforms through legal means, but was disbanded by the governor. At that time, he had already been declared an enemy of the state by the Spanish authorities because of the publication of his novel.

By 1896, the rebellion fomented by the Katipunan, a militant secret society, had become a full-blown revolution, proving to be a nationwide uprising. To dissociate himself from the rebellion, Rizal volunteered his services as a doctor in Cuba and was given leave by Governor-General Ramón Blanco to serve in Cuba to minister to victims of yellow fever. Rizal and Josephine left Dapitan on August 1, 1896 with letter of recommendation from Blanco.
Rizal was arrested en route to Cuba via Spain and was imprisoned in Barcelona on October 6, 1896. He was sent back the same day to Manila to stand trial as he was implicated in the revolution through his association with members of the Katipunan. During the entire passage, he was unchained, no Spaniard laid a hand on him, and had many opportunities to escape but refused to do so.
While imprisoned in Fort Santiago, he issued a manifesto disavowing the current revolution in its present state and declaring that the education of Filipinos and their achievement of a national identity were prerequisites to freedom.
Rizal was tried before a court-martial for rebellion, sedition, and conspiracy, was convicted on all three charges, and sentenced to death. Blanco, who was sympathetic to Rizal, had been forced out of office. The friars, led by then Archbishop of Manila Bernardino Nozaleda, had 'intercalated' Camilo de Polavieja in his stead, as the new Spanish Governor-General of the Philippines after pressuring Queen-Regent Maria Cristina of Spain.
The Execution 
Moments before his execution on December 30, 1896 by a squad of Filipino soldiers of the Spanish Army, a backup force of regular Spanish Army troops stood ready to shoot the executioners should they fail to obey orders. The Spanish Army Surgeon General requested to take his pulse: it was normal. Aware of this the Sergeant commanding the backup force hushed his men to silence when they began raising "vivas" with the highly partisan crowd of Peninsular and Mestizo Spaniards. His last words were those of Jesus Christ: "consummatum est",--it is finished.
He wrote his last poem before which is "Me Ultimo Adios " or the Last Farewell. which was later handed to his family with his few remaining possessions, including the final letters and his last bequests. During their visit, Rizal reminded his sisters in English, "There is something inside it," referring to the alcohol stove given by the Pardo de Taveras which was to be returned after his execution, thereby emphasizing the importance of the poem.